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As in previous years, people starting treatment for problems with new psychoactive substances (NPS) had the highest proportion of housing need of any substance group (42%). Over one-sixth (17%, or 22,493) of adults entering treatment last year said they had a housing problem. This proportion varied by substance group, ranging from 1 in 10 (10%, or 4,941) of those starting treatment for alcohol problems alone, to almost a third (30%, or 11,286) of those starting treatment for problems with opiate use. As in previous years, people starting treatment for problems with new psychoactive substances (NPS) had the highest proportion of housing need of any substance group (45%). Sixteen per cent of all people starting treatment were currently injecting or had previously injected drugs. This substance abuse in older adults is much higher for people with opiate problems, with 18% currently injecting and 32% having previously injected.
- Guidance for alcohol and drug treatment is available in the Alcohol and drug misuse prevention and treatment guidance collection.
- Examines the extent and trends in illicit drug use among a sample of 16 to 59 year old residents in households in England and Wales.
- There was an increase in the proportion of adults entering treatment in 2023 to 2024 with ketamine problems (from 1.6% in 2022 to 2023 to 2.3% this year).
Middle-aged generation most likely to die by suicide and drug poisoning
Prevalence of drug use also varied by a range of other personal characteristics. For example, those who were single were significantly more likely to have used a drug in the past year (16%) compared with those who were married (3.2%). However, notably, the prevalence of last year use decreased among those aged 16 to 19 years compared with the year ending March 2020. People with opiate problems accounted for nearly two-thirds (65%) of these deaths, and the alcohol only group had a further 28% of deaths.
Services and information
Nearly two-thirds (63%, or 82,613) of adults starting treatment said they had a mental health treatment need. This is part of a trend of rising numbers over the previous 2 years (from 53% in 2018 to 2019). This need ranged from 57% in the opiate group to nearly three-quarters (71%) of the non-opiates and alcohol group.
- Only 9% of opiate referrals came from healthcare compared to 28% of alcohol only referrals.
- There was no statistically significant change in the prevalence of powder cocaine use in the last year for people aged 16 to 59 years (2.1%) and 16 to 24 years (3.8%), compared with YE March 2023.
- There was a 6% increase in deaths of opiate users in treatment this year (from 1,897 to 2,010).
NIDA Alcohol Data (
Ninety-eight percent of people received a psychosocial intervention while 56% received at least one pharmacological intervention. For people with opiate problems, 94% received a pharmacological intervention, while only 6% of the non-opiate only group received one. In 2019 to 2020 there were 15,161 people in those settings, down from 16,757 in the previous year, an 11% drop. Bar chart showing the different housing needs of people in treatment broken down by their substance group. Bar chart showing the number of people in treatment in each age group split by substance group. There were 270,705 people in contact with drug and alcohol Substance abuse services between 1 April 2019 and 31 March 2020.
- Substances such as mephedrone, spice, Gamma-butyrolactone (GBL) or gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB), salvia, and other emerging substances are collectively known as new psychoactive substances (NPS).
- The non-opiate groups combined had over double the number of people in treatment in 2005 to 2006.
- The alcohol only group reported a fall in the number of days that they used alcohol.
- NCHS systems receive and analyze data from death certificates, including cause-of-death information reported by state and local medical examiners and coroners.
Adult substance misuse treatment statistics 2023 to 2024: data tables
“It also raises concern that employees are turning to a dangerous drug like fentanyl after they’ve passed a pre-employment drug screen, putting the overall wellness of the workforce at risk.” NSC reported that emergency medical services were activated over 12,600 https://creativearchitectpublishing.com/sober-living/recovery-based-housing/ times to respond to potential opioid overdoses occurring in workplace settings in 2024. This means that the estimate of NPS use does not provide a measure of all drugs controlled under the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016.
Overdose Deaths Involving Psychostimulants with Abuse Potential, 1999-2023
For young adults aged 16 to 24 years the latest estimate of frequent drug use was twice as high as for adults aged 16 to 59 years at 4.3% (around 271,000 adults1). Ecstasy use in the last year among adults aged 16 to 59 years has been relatively stable since the data were first collected in year ending December 1995 with some small fluctuations (Figure 4). There was no change in the prevalence for year ending March 2020 (1.4%; 471,000 individuals) compared with the previous year. Despite these rises, use in the last month fell for both age groups compared with year ending March 2019 and year ending March 2010. Among adults aged 16 to 59 years, there was a 28% decrease from 1.1% to 0.8% (around 361,000 to 261,000 users). This was mainly driven by a fall in use among young adults aged 16 to 24 years, who accounted for 74% of the decrease (around 74,000 people).
Substance use, sex and age of people in treatment
You can find more information about this in the Home Office’s Crime Survey for England and Wales. This section contains further research and analysis into alcohol and drug misuse. Alcohol and drug misuse and treatment in prisons and other secure settings from the National Drug Treatment Monitoring System (NDTMS).
Twenty-seven per cent of women reported either being a parent or living with a child when they started treatment, compared to 15% of men. Only 34% of people with opiate problems rented from a private or social landlord, whereas the proportions in all other substance groups were close to half (45% to 46%). Figure 1 shows how people are classified into a substance reporting group after entering treatment and undergoing initial assessment. There were 152,067 people who exited the drug and alcohol treatment system in 2024 to 2025. Nearly half (46%) of those that left had successfully completed their treatment, free from dependence, which is slightly lower than the previous year (47%).